The Relationship Between Age And Gender And The Time To Achieve Euthyroid Condition In Graves' Disease Patients Who Receive Antithyroid Drug Therapy

Authors

  • Nanang Miftah Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
  • Ladika Avicena Dzikaf Masyahiro Mohtar Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
  • Hendra Wana Nur'Amin Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
  • Fauzia Noor Liani Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
  • Alfi Yasmina Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v5i3.1813

Keywords:

Graves’ disease, age, sex, euthyroid, BEST-T 2, RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin

Abstract

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease that most common cause of hyperthyroidism which is characterized by diffuse thyroid disease, thyrotoxicosis, and can be accompanied by orbitopathy and dermopathy. Age and gender are factors that are thought to influence the time it takes for GD patients to reach a euthyroid state who receive antithyroid drug therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between age and gender on the time to achieve euthyroidism in GD patients who received anti- thyroid drug therapy. This analytical observational study is a cohort study conducted using the Borneo Wetland Study on Thyroid 2 (BEST-T 2) Endocrine Polyclinic, Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin database. Data on 68 GD patients were taken using the total sampling method. Data were analyzed using the Cox Regression test with SPSS version 26 with a confidence level of 95%. Survival data will be displayed using the Kaplan Meier curve. This study showed that there was no relationship with age (p=0.064), but showed there was a relationship with gender (p=0.044) on the time to achieve euthyroidism in Graves' disease patients.

References

Amir, T. L., Suryandari, D. A., Eliana, F., Yunaini, L., & Yanti, D. (2020). Association of sCD40 Level in Serum with Risk for Relapse in Graves’ Disease.

Antonelli, A., Ferrari, S. M., Ragusa, F., Elia, G., Paparo, S. R., Ruffilli, I., Patrizio, A., Giusti, C., Gonnella, D., & Cristaudo, A. (2020). Graves’ disease: Epidemiology, genetic and environmental risk factors and viruses. Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 34(1), 101387.

Barbesino, G. (2019). Thyroid function changes in the elderly and their relationship to cardiovascular health: a mini-review. Gerontology, 65(1), 1–8.

Chen, H.-H., Yeh, S.-Y., Lin, C.-L., Chang, S.-N., & Kao, C.-H. (2014). Increased depression, diabetes and diabetic complications in Graves’ disease patients in Asia. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 107(9), 727–733.

Diker-Cohen, T., Duskin-Bitan, H., Shimon, I., Hirsch, D., Akirov, A., Tsvetov, G., & Robenshtok, E. (2019). Disease presentation and remission rate in Graves disease treated with antithyroid drugs: is gender really a factor? Endocrine Practice, 25(1), 43–50.

Eliana, F., Suwondo, P., Asmarinah, A., Harahap, A., Djauzi, S., Prihartono, J., & Pemayun, T. G. D. (2017). The role of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) gene, thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) gene and regulatory t-cells as risk factors for relapse in patients with Graves disease. Acta Medica Indonesiana, 49(3), 195.

Gigliotti, B. J. (2021). Age and Sex Predict Severity, Remission, and Recurrence in Graves’ Disease. Clinical Thyroidology, 33(6), 260–262.

Ippolito, S., Cusini, C., Lasalvia, P., Gianfagna, F., Veronesi, G., Gallo, D., Masiello, E., Premoli, P., Sabatino, J., & Mercuriali, A. (2021). Change in newly diagnosed Graves’ disease phenotype between the twentieth and the twenty-first centuries: meta-analysis and meta-regression. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 44, 1707–1718.

Lestary, A. R., Ahda, F. R., Cakra, I. G. A. S. B., Puspita, N. M. S. P., & Triani, E. (2023). Graves Disease: Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana. Lombok Medical Journal, 2(2), 57–66.

Magri, F., Zerbini, F., Gaiti, M., Capelli, V., Ragni, A., Rotondi, M., & Chiovato, L. (2016). Gender influences the clinical presentation and long-term outcome of Graves disease. Endocrine Practice, 22(11), 1336–1342.

Musoddaq, M. A., Hidayat, T., & Samsudin, M. (2022). HUBUNGAN TINGKAT STRES DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTIROID PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR. Media Gizi Mikro Indonesia, 14(1), 11–22.

Ross, D. S., Burch, H. B., Cooper, D. S., Greenlee, M. C., Laurberg, P., Maia, A. L., Rivkees, S. A., Samuels, M., Sosa, J. A., & Stan, M. N. (2016). 2016 American Thyroid Association guidelines for diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid, 26(10), 1343–1421.

Sari, E. E., Susanto, H. S., Udiyono, A., & Suwandono, A. (2017). Beberapa Faktor Risiko Kejadian Hipertiroid pada Wanita Usia Subur di Kabupaten Magelang “Studi Kasus di Klinik Litbang Bp2gaki Magelang.” Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 3(3), 152–161.

Srikandi, P. R. (2020). Hipertiroidismee Graves Disease: Case Report. Jurnal Kedokteran Raflesia, 30–35.

Suzuki, N., Inoue, K., Yoshimura, R., Kinoshita, A., Suzuki, A., Fukushita, M., Matsumoto, M., Yoshihara, A., Watanabe, N., & Noh, J. Y. (2022). The mediation role of thyrotropin receptor antibody in the relationship between age and severity of hyperthyroidism in graves’ disease. Thyroid, 32(10), 1243–1248.

Suzuki, N., Noh, J. Y., Yoshimura, R., Mikura, K., Kinoshita, A., Suzuki, A., Mitsumatsu, T., Hoshiyama, A., Fukushita, M., & Matsumoto, M. (2021). Does age or sex relate to severity or treatment prognosis in Graves’ disease? Thyroid, 31(9), 1409–1415.

Tan, G., Wang, X., Zheng, G., Du, J., Zhou, F., Liang, Z., Wei, W., & Yu, H. (2021). Meta-analysis reveals significant association between FOXP3 polymorphisms and susceptibility to Graves’ disease. Journal of International Medical Research, 49(4), 03000605211004199.

Taylor, P. N., Albrecht, D., Scholz, A., Gutierrez-Buey, G., Lazarus, J. H., Dayan, C. M., & Okosieme, O. E. (2018). Global epidemiology of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 14(5), 301–316.

Wardana, C. A. R., Saraswati, M. R., Dwipayana, I. M. P., & Gotera, W. (2023). Karakteristik Pasien Gangguan Fungsi Tiroid di RSUP Sanglah Tahun 2019. J Med Udayana, 12(4), 65–70.

Downloads

Published

2025-03-20

How to Cite

Miftah, N., Mohtar, L. A. D. M., Nur’Amin, H. W., Liani, F. N., & Yasmina, A. (2025). The Relationship Between Age And Gender And The Time To Achieve Euthyroid Condition In Graves’ Disease Patients Who Receive Antithyroid Drug Therapy. Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies, 5(3), 2948–2958. https://doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v5i3.1813